Sanctions Foreign Policy Tools - 2318 Words

Sanctions are foreign policy tools which are utilised by the member states and are recent development in the European Union. Where there are certain examples where organisation or a firm or people who breach sanctions either deliberately or accidently , This is called Breaching sanctions and can be done by any one and will also be facing charge for breaching such sanctions either with fine or both fine and imprisonment .Sanctions are also enforcement measures to maintain international peace and security. They involve economic orders and sanctions which guide not to use any armed force in international military action. There are also other sanctions which involve economic, trade, travel ban, arms, and financial sanctions. Governments often rely up on the companies and reports made by them of financial breaches that have occurred. In US the system of banks reporting about any potential infringement to (OFAC).Where as in the recent EU regulations, it is mentioned that all the transactions involving in purchasing on oil and petroleum products in Iraq must be reported. Business try to prevent breach of sanctions by either of one, Due diligence, licences, notifications and authorisations, Review old transactions which could result in breach and check records on time. There is no legal definition of sanctions in Public International Law. Where it can merely understood by the expression, that it gives directions to any political entity or any other in order to make them or restrainShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent Is The Success Conditions Of Economic Sanctions? Nature Of Durability As A Target Country?1029 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is the Success Conditions of Economic Sanctions? Nature of Durability as a Target Country Daichi Sudo 6985 Introduction Economic sanctions have become a common tool of international relations and an important yet controversial foreign policy tool. In fact, economic sanctions have been gathering attention recently, such as the United States and European Union (EU) against Russia s Crimea Annexation, and United Nation (UN) against North Korea and Iran based on the Nations Security Council ResolutionsRead MoreA Weekly Training Session 1 Embargo Sanctions1525 Words   |  7 PagesSession 1 – Sanctions In today’s training session we will be focusing on the sanctions regimes our international bank must consider when carrying out its global business including the implications of extra territoriality. We will also examine the consequences of failing to comply with sanctions. What are the sanctions regimes our international bank must consider? Firstly, we all need to be clear on what sanctions regimes are and how they are set out. Financial and Trade Sanctions are part of aRead MoreThe Impact Of Censorship On The Global Economy Essay1633 Words   |  7 Pageseconomy. â€Å"Since 2005, U.S. policymakers have increasingly turned to sophisticated types of economic sanctions as a foreign policy tool of first resort. From the development of banking sanctions limiting Iran’s ability to secure financing from Western capital markets to new sanctions targeting Russia’s financial system and the development of its oil resources, U.S. policymakers have touted these innovative tools as extremely powerful while also being tailored and precise.† (Feaver Lorber, 2015) So, whyRead More Efficacy of Iraqi Sanctions Essay1540 Words   |  7 PagesEfficacy of Iraqi Sanctions As United States foreign policy has matured in the wake of the Vietnam Conflict, a seemingly bloodless, less nationally controversial tool than war has emerged. The United States has begun to slap economic sanctions on rogue nations in lieu of or in addition to sending in the Armed Forces. This policy of sanctioning nations begs one to ponder the legitimacy thereof. A specific case to be examined is the Iraqi conflict. In response to Iraqà ­s hostile takeover of KuwaitRead MoreA Preliminary Retaliatory Action Of North Korea1455 Words   |  6 PagesJanuary 2, 2015 In a preliminary retaliatory action, President Obama signed an executive order that builds on existing sanctions against North Korea designed to ratchet pressure on the dictatorship. The order directs the Treasury Department to bar access by the North Korean government and officials of the Worker’s Party of Korea to the U.S. financial sector. Ten individuals and three North Korean government sponsored or controlled entities were affected by the strict new order, including key operativesRead MoreJapanese Imperialism During World War II1415 Words   |  6 Pagesonly taunted the world with their idea of self-sustainment and colonial expansion. The underlying principle to their failure was the theory of Imperial overstretch, as Hook explains, â€Å"a pattern in which great powers have consistently expanded their foreign commitments beyond their ability to remain economically solvent and militarily secure† (Hook 2014, 12). Throughout my analysis of the U.S.’s respons es to Japanese actions prior to the U.S.’s involvement in World War two, we see Japan try to expandRead MoreIran s Political Regime : Iran973 Words   |  4 Pagespower within the government and religion’s major role in government (O’Neil, Fields, Share, 522-523). While the Iranian government has tried to modernize its economy by pursuing an export oriented model its efforts has been stymied by trade sanctions from major foreign powers and the United Nations in response to various aggressive acts on the part of Iran that have only recently been lifted. As a result Iran has had little time to see the effects of modernization. The Iranian Government may appear toRead MoreNorth Korea Is A Rogue State Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagesregional partners to stabilize the Korean Peninsula by stopping North Korea’s proliferation and testing of nuclear weapons. The current policies have proven ineffective and it is time something different is done before it is too late. The best way to denuclearize North Korea is by guaranteeing their external security; the U.S. gradually lifts economic sanctions, and enter into a regional security agreement with North Korea. The United States has several interests tied to ending North KoreanRead MoreEssay about The Cause of Hatred and Distrust in the Middle East1610 Words   |  7 Pagesend of the Iraq conflict, stems from the partitioning of Palestine, American aid to the Arabs enemies, Israel, Israels control of sites holy to Muslims as well as Israels work in developing the Ethnic Bomb, and the United Nations sanction on Iraqi people for more than a decade. The beginning of the current conflict can be traced back to when the partitioning process took place. According to CIA data: After World War II, the British withdrew from their mandate ofRead MoreDiplomacy As A Communication Process Of International Relations2440 Words   |  10 Pagesto as Diplomacy. Diplomacy according to various scholars is extremely important in the process of implementing a country’s foreign policy and its various objectives in the international community. Some scholars describe diplomacy as a communication process between international actors that seek through negotiation to resolve certain issues and also to push their foreign policy objectives. Research states that the act of conducting negotiations between two people or two nations at a large scope is

What Are We Really Eating - 1143 Words

Bradis McGriff ENVS10 Dr. Williams Rough Draft March 16, 2006 What Are We Really Eating? Everything that we eat has some form of an unnatural chemical in the product. As of late I have been considering only eating organic foods because not only is it healthier, but it is safer. In this term paper I am going to examine a few aspects of organic food. First I will examine what is organic food and what makes it organic? How does the prices of organic food compare to inorganic foods? And why we should eat organic foods rather than inorganic foods? I just want to be as healthy as I possibly can and I feel that organic food is the best food that we can eat. Organic Food is the agricultural produce that farmers make on the country s†¦show more content†¦And by buying organic food, you are registering your mistrust of GMO s and doing your bit to protest against them. If you eat dairy or meat products, going organic has never been more essential to safeguard you and your family s health. Intensively-reared dairy cows and farm animals are fed a dangerous cocktail of antibiotic s, hormones, anti-parasite drugs and many other medicines on a daily basis, whether they have an illness or not. These drugs are passed directly onto the consumers of their dairy produce or meat. which must be a contributing factor to meat-related diseases like coronaries and high blood pressure. About 99% of non-organic farm animals in the UK are now fed GM Soya. And there has never been a reported case of BSE in organic cattle in the UK. Common sense says that organic is safe food. Organic produce simply tastes so much better. Fruit and vegetables full of j uice and flavor, and so many different varieties to try. There are about 100 different kinds of organic potatoes in production in the UK, and that s just potatoes. What else is there to gain from eating organic foods? Organic farms support and nurture our beautiful and diverse wildlife. Over the last thirty years, intensive farming in the UK has led to the erosion of soil, a fall of up to 70% of wild birds in some areas, the destruction of ancient hedgerows, and the near extinction of some of the most beautifulShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Physical Health And Weight Management851 Words   |  4 PagesWHAT? This module is all about physical health. The reading begins with the three function of the food, which sets the tones of eating. The seven components of food gave a basic idea and knowledge of what food really are and what do they do to our body, or why do we need them. All of those were for chapter five and I would say those were the most of the stuff that we need to know to get into nutrition or a diet at this level for right now. As I was starting with the chapter six, the first point theRead MoreCommon Misconceptions : Common Myths1223 Words   |  5 PagesCommon Misconceptions Throughout the world, we hear so many stories that are told to be true and we believe them for hundreds to thousands of years. Sadly, most of the stories are fabricated or are common myths. For example, In the Book of Genesis the forbidden fruit that is mention is commonly assumed to be an apple. Another misconception is you need to wait an hour after eating before you can swim safely. As said in the beginning, The Book of Genesis says that the fruit that Eve was tempted toRead MoreWhat Should We Eat By Michael Pollan1333 Words   |  6 Pagesdebates on peoples eating habits in the United States. Rather its okay to eat whatever citizens want, or letting the government interfere by putting regulations. In the reading section of â€Å"What Should We Eat† from the They Say I Say book, Authors express their opinions and evidence upon what is right as well wrong in the way people eat and the way they do. Michael Pollan, writer of Escape From the Western Diet, Michael Pollan emphasizes on having to stop eating the way we do in order to escapeRead MoreConcept Essay - Eating Healthy1038 Words   |  5 PagesENG - 105 Concept Essay – Importance of Eating Healthy When thinking of the concept of â€Å"eating right† many people think it simply means consuming tasteless foods and useless fruits and vegetables. But eating healthy is much more than that. Eating healthy means more than consuming the recommended fruits and vegetables, but it also means having a balanced diet that is right for the body; for eating healthy is not one size fits all. By eating healthy, people are able to: supply their bodies withRead MoreDietary Analysis Project On Eating Habits870 Words   |  4 Pages Critique This dietary analysis project showed me how much I really do eat in a day and that everything that I do consume is not the best for my health. I think the things that may influence my eating habits are my family and friends. Both sides of my family loves to cook which usually means high calorie and high fat food. My parents always taught me to not waste food and to always eat everything I was given, even though I learned in the class later back that the habit of cleaning your plateRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Pollan s Defense Of Food967 Words   |  4 Pagescontemporary nutrition. He not only breaks down the dangers of what we currently eat, but the entire reasoning behind why. He delves into how advertising, scientific claims (be them correct or incorrect) and even politics have changed the landscape of nutrition, and all our eating habits as a whole. He correlates the current epidemic of major health problems in America (obesity, heart disease, and cancer) to our diets and the all of the food we eat causing them. If you are concerned about your healthRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Is A Serious Eating Disorder1324 Words   |  6 Pages We are all human, and it is only human nature to want to want to look your best and present yourself in the most becoming way possible. All of us at one point in our lives have wanted to change something about our appearance, if not we have entertained the thought at the very least. We live in a society and culture today that puts a tremendous amount of significance on the importance of the body. Not only from a health and wellness perspective, but more along the lines of having a strong desireRead MoreSpeech Essay : What Papa Brought Home Major709 Words   |  3 PagesGuess what papa brought home Major. Baby chicks! Look at them all! Do you think they’re comfortable? Yeah. how are you? What colours are they? There are brown, black and white ones. Do you know how old they are? 3 days old! Do you see the water, see that one drinking, see how he puts his beak in the water and lifts his head, isn’t that fantastic! Thats how they drink. Were gonna shut the door so they do n;t get a draft, cause when the wind comes in they’ll get cold. Thats one thing thats reallyRead MoreHow Being Moral Include Animals1261 Words   |  6 Pagesare many perspectives for eating food: one states that everyone should be vegan- someone who does not eat any animal products like meat for certain reasons that might be righteous or even health and religious reasons in order for animals, especially cattle, to live life they deserve. Another point of view is that some people believe that eating meat and other animal products do not differ from any other type of food like fruits and vegetables; and the stoppage of eating animals will increase theirRead MoreThe Media Literacy Paper : Coca Cola1136 Words   |  5 Pagestelevision commercial ads such as the one in the UK called â€Å"Grandpa.† Looking over the history of this well-established brand, watching this specific media message, going over type of ingredients we are actually consuming, analyzing what this ad is trying to say versus what it is really saying, then we can also discuss if this ad sends a positive or negative message across to their audience. Let’s start from the very beginning. Coke was invented by a pharmacist named John Pemberton in 1886 who fought

Fundamentals of Corporate Finance for Topics- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theFundamentals of Corporate Finance for General Topics. Answer: Introduction This report discusses the impact that the AASB 17 has had on leasing firms in Australia. The report reviews and critically analyzes the article by Churyk, Reinstein and Lander(2015). The fundamental characteristics of financial information include a variety of qualitative aspects that a firm should meet to be considered to have fulfilled the requirements of AASB. The paper analyzes the impact of the AASB 17 standard on lease on Australian firms. This is because many lease obligations are not recorded on the balance sheet and the current accounting for leases does not adequately represent the economics of lease transactions. The characteristics of financial reporting that the changes on lease standards are based on include; relevance and faithful representation of information (Hancock, Bazley Robinson, 2015). The paper also discusses how the application of the new standards on leases is expected to affect lease reporting and business agreement between the lesser and the lessee. The pa per also evaluates whether the implementation of the standards complies with the financial reporting characteristics identified above. The two fundamental characteristics of financial statements as stated in the framework are; relevance and faithful representation. The characteristic of relevance states that the information that is generated by an accounting system used by an entity should impact on decision making by that particular entity (Deegan, 2013). All the information obtained by an accounting system should be useful to the entity for which the statements are prepared. It involves both content of the financial information and its timeliness. Faithful representation is a concept that indicates that financial information should be produced in an accurate manner and should represent a true and fair condition of the business. The information presented in the statements should be true and accurate as per the date indicated in the reports. These two characteristics of financial statement are the backbone of accounting standards and rules. The AASB 16 standards will begin implementation in the year 2019. The AASB 16 is a change brought to fill the gaps identified by the IASB on the current standards of recording leases by companies. The AASB 16 has already been identified as a change in standards which will have significant impact on the firms. The standards are expected to affect the asset and liabilities ratio and also to affect the terms of contracts between lessors and lessees (National Institute of Accountants Australia, 2015)`. Implementation of the new standards on leases will result to changes in the financial metrics that are used by various users of financial information. The standards propose that both the lessee and the lesser should apply an ROU model to account for leases as well as subleases (CCH Australia Limited, 2013). The lessor and the lessee should classify whether the lease is Type A or Type B. Type A leases are non-property leases such as those involving equipment and cars. The type B leases invo lves property lease such as land and buildings. In type B lease, the lease term is a very little compared to the economic value of the asset being leased. The liability of the lessee to pay rent fee for the leased asset will increase the liability of the lessee. The lessee should recognize the right of the residual asset for the time in which the lease term lasts. On the lessors balance sheet, they are required to apportion part of the leased and recognize any residual asset. The lessor is required to record the right to receive payments to the leased asset as income. The following is a table extracted from IFRS website showing the presentation and requirement on disclosure under AASB 16;property, plant and equipment is used as an example. Lease assets Amount($) Carrying amount of lease assets 25,430 -Aircraft 21,500 Real estate and other assets 3,971 Additions to lease assets 5,487 The following is a maturity analysis of lease liability based on gross cash flow that is not discounted: Lease liability Amount Less than 1 year 4,238 2 years 3,786 3 years 3,460 4 years 3,166 5 years 2,940 6 years 2,453 7 years 2,401 8 years 2,384 9 years 2,359 10 yrs 1,547 Between 10-15 years 1,965 Above 15 years 1,409 Total undiscounted lease liability 32,108 Income statement example Depreciation of lease 2,674 Aircraft 2,278 Real estate and others 396 Interest on rent (1,882) 4,556 Lease payment(Variable) 78 Sublease incomes 59 Gains on sale and transactions on leasebacks 100 Total lease cash spent (4,319) The new lease recording standards will result to increase in net debt and gearing for many companies. This is because, the new rules will result to an increase in reported debt. The Right of Use will be excluded from the financial report in this case and hence resulting to an increase in net debt. The earnings before interest and tax will also increase. This is the operating lease expense will not be included in the profit and loss account (PKF, 2016). The EBITDA will also be affected by the new AASB 16 standards. This is because, the standards eliminate lease rent as an operating expense, and it is recognized as depreciation by the lessee. This will increase EBITDA which may exaggerate the performance of a company. Share based payment scheme may be based on EBITDA and therefore the scheme need to be reviewed and revised. (Loftus, 2013) This is a complex process and it may force a company to incur extra expenses. The following is an example indicating the recording of subscription as a lease in both the income statement and the balance sheet and how it affects EBITDA. Example: Current lease model Income statement Revenue $15,000 expenses -$500 =EBITDA $14,500 Amortization $500 Net income 14,000 Balance sheet Asset Liability Lease fee -$2000 Example showing change in EBITDA using the AASB 16 standards Income statement Revenue $15,000 -Expenses -$500 =EBITDA $14,500 The above shows an increase in EBITDA when the AASB is complied with. The profits will be lower in the initial lease stages and due to high interest of the upfront payments. The change in the lease standards and regulations will have a very huge impact on the general operations of businesses. One of the repercussions is that it will alter the debt agreements between various parties. This is the change in the accounting system will result to changes in lease fees and the lease period can be altered since the new proposed system puts a lot of emphasis on the lease period and the type of lease that the parties are contracted. Under the proposed standards, the lease fee is expected to decrease as the lease period is about to expire. The share based payment metrics will have to be negotiated between parties again since the new accounting rules will affect the payment of lease fee to the lessor. In addition to this, dividend planning may have to change especially among public companies since the income statement and initial equity will be affected by the new accounting format for leases. The other impact that the AASB 16 will result to increase in expenses by companies and hence affect the profit margins of lessee. This is because, the new standards will increase the risk of leasing and the increase in risk will result to increase in leasing rates which will end up affecting many industries such as in transport and financial sector. Banking covenants will also be significantly affected by the AASB 16.This is because requirements such as complying to specific financial ratios such as debt/equity ratio will be affected (Klynveld, Marwick, KPMG, 2015). The costs which are currently recorded as operating expenses will be recorded as interest expense when AASB is complied with. The change in calculation of these ratios will force banks to renegotiate many of their contracts and conflicts may therefore occur between the parties. The standards set by AASB 16 require that companies recognize the right to use assets and lease liabilities. This is referred to as operating leases in the current system of accounting for leases. By recognizing the right to use and lease liability, the balance sheet may end grossing up and hence affecting the asset base and the debts of a firm. This may in turn lead to more companies in Australia requiring audit since the Corporations Act of 2001 firms must meet one of the following three thresholds in order to be audited; Assets in excess of $12.5m,more than 50 employees and revenue of $25 million and above (Carmichael, Whittington, Ray Graham, Lynford, 2012). Compliance with AASB 16 standards will result to adherence to the two basic characteristics of financial records which includes relevance and faithful representation of information. This is because, the AASB 16 is able to fill the gaps that exist in the current lease accounting standards. The AASB 16 requires firms to recognize the right of use and the liability of paying lease fee. Previously the costs of leasing were recognized as operating expenses under the rent expenses account. In the new system, the costs of renting will be recorded as interests expenses (Berk, Harford,Ford, Mollica Finch, 2013). This will ensure that companies leasing an asset recognize all the expenses that are incurred by the firms hence ensuring full compliance with faithful representation of information. The depreciation expenses of the leased asset also have to be recorded and ensure that as the asset is being used, its value does not remain constant and hence disclosing all the relevant accounting infor mation. AASB also requires firms should distinguish leases based on whether the lessee acquires and consumes a significant portion of the related assets during the lease period. In this case, land and buildings and other tangible assets are amortized using the straight line method. The AASB 16 requires that terms of the lease can only be changed if a significant change in factors affecting the economic incentive of the lessee occurs. This may prompt him/her to extend or terminate the contract. The lessee should separate changes in terms that have been agreed to currently and the terms under the previous agreement (Camfferman Zeff, 2015). This is necessary if there are changes in the rent paid to the lesser and hence increasing the liability of the lessee. The changes should be immediately recorded in the income statement. By recording these changes, the standard is in line with the financial records characteristic of relevance and faithful representation. Conclusions AASB 16 was developed to deal with the issues that arise with the current lease recording standards. These issues are related to revenue recognition for lease rent, disclosures, and matching expenses to revenues. These issues were found to cause transactions and reports that did not represent faithful reporting. The AASB 16 is expected to have a major impact on many firms operations. The new standards are also expected to affect ratios such as Debt/equity ratio, EBIT, EBITDA, and interest expense in comparison to the profit. The change in the calculation of these ratios will affect users of financial information such as creditors and investors. Compliance to the AASB 16 is likely to result o breaking of covenant related to banking and the renegotiation of these covenants is costly and may lead to extra expenses and sour relations between parties. Compliance with the AASB 16 will ensure that firms comply with the basic characteristics of financial statements which include relevance an d faithful representation. This in turn improves the quality and reliability of financial reports in general. References Berk, ., Al, J. E., Harford, J., Ford, G., Mollica, V., Finch, N. (2013). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. Sydney: P.Ed Australia. Camfferman, K., Zeff, S. A. (2015). Aiming for global accounting standards: The International Accounting Standards Board, 2001-2011. Carmichael, D.R., Whittington, O. Ray., Graham, Lynford. (2012). Accountants' Handbook, Financial Accounting and General Topics. John Wiley Sons Inc. CCH Australia Limited,. (2013). Australian superannuation legislation. Deegan, C. M. (2013). Financial Accounting theory. North Ryde: McGraw-Hill Education. Hancock, P., Bazley, M. E., Robinson, P. (2015). Contemporary accounting: A strategic approach for users. Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler., KPMG International Standards Group. (2015). Insights into IFRS: KPMG's practical guide to International Financial Reporting Standards. Loftus, J. (2013). Understanding Australian accounting standards. Milton, Qld: John Wiley and Sons. National Institute of Accountants (Australia). (2015). Corporate accounting and reporting: A practical approach. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W: Pearson Education Australia. PKF, I. (2016). Wiley IFRS 2016: Interpretation and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards.

Should Children Wear Uniforms to School free essay sample

Should children be allowed to wear uniforms to school? The debate on wearing uniforms to school has been going on for decades. Some schools in America give in to the students, but not in Singapore. Recently, there was a ‘Design Your Uniform’ competition, but I find it ineffective, as not many schools would want to change their school dress code. Firstly, we all have a right to individuality, to make personal choices and to express our personality. This right of free expression includes the way we choose to dress. Making everyone wear the same school uniform infringes on our rights and is a misuse of authority. The right to choose what to wear is particularly important for young people, who often have few other ways of expressing their personality or making choices about their lives. Furthermore, those who are dissatisfied with it may ‘customize’ the dress code themselves. Because children don’t like wearing uniforms, they fight against it in many clever ways, like shortening skirts, wearing non-regulation shoes and hosiery, tying their ties in funny ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Children Wear Uniforms to School or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Of course, schools in Singapore disallow this, and therefore may punish the students, which in the end results in a poor teacher-student relationship. This may lead to the disgrace of school uniform and obviously, the school. To me, I feel that the school uniform is often not practical or pleasant to wear. Designs are often old-fashioned and ugly. Clothes that are designed to be worn by all shapes and sizes of student fit no one really well. For cheapness, uniform items are often made of poly-cottons which are hot in warm weather, making the study condition in school even worse for children, as Singapore is already a very hot and humid country itself. The worst would be an assembly days, where the children have to wear ties to school. You may say that having a uniform helps students and parents resist peer pressure. In schools with no uniform, children may feel the need to dress in certain ways in order to fit in. This can often mean buying a lot of expensive and fashionable clothes that families cannot really afford. It can also mean girls being pressured into wearing skimpy clothes to try and look sexy at a very young age. It could even include Muslim girls feeling that they must wear a headscarf even though they don’t want to. But rather than introduce school uniform, why not have a dress code instead? This has all the benefits of uniform without the many disadvantages. While uniforms force all children to wear the same clothes, dress codes give students a lot of choice on what to wear. Only a few unsuitable things are banned for example, very short skirts, crop tops, bare shoulders, etcetera. Hence, I agree to schools not wearing school uniforms. It may benefit both the educators and teachers if this is allowed.

11 Motivational Quotes For When You Are Job Seeking

11 Motivational Quotes For When You Are Job Seeking Looking for a job is often a long and challenging process. One of the most difficult things about it is staying motivated when it just seems like you have spent hours formatting one line on your resume or sending out another cover letter. But it is important to remember that it takes a lot of work to find a good job, let alone one that is right for you and your career direction. When you are down, say some of these to yourself: 1. Live life as if everything is rigged in your favor. – Rumi  2. There is no hierarchy expect quality. – Arianna Huffington  3. Schedule your creative time. – John Legend  4. Nothing kills creativity more than stress. – Arianna Huffington  5. There is only one way to avoid criticism: Do nothing, say nothing, and be nothing. – Aristotle  6. The person who says it cannot be done should not interrupt the person who is doing it. – Chinese Proverb  7. We become what we think about. – Earl Nightingale   8. If you’re going through hell, keep going. – Winston Churchill  9. Good things come to people who wait, but better things come to those who go out and get them. – Unknown  10. Self expression is the new form of entertainment   11. Okay, the trampoline was a bad idea. But you know what? At least I’m out there trying new things. – Homer Simpson

Literacy is key to success at work - Emphasis

Literacy is key to success at work Literacy is key to success at work Poor literacy at work is still a major problem, new research has found. The report, Literacy: State of the Nation, examined the UKs literacy levels both in schools and in the workplace. While a quarter of young people see no connection between reading and success, the research results made the link clear. Two-thirds of men and three-quarters of women with low literacy levels had never received a promotion. The knock-on effect could be costing the rest of the country too, according to the National Literacy Trust, which published the report. The findings are extremely worrying, says Jonathan Douglas, the Trusts director. It is estimated that poor literacy costs the economy 2.5bn a year. Worrying indeed.

Microtubules Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Microtubules - Essay Example Microtubules Again, these mechanisms need further exploration but the existing understanding is that reorganization of F-actin causes destabilization of transinteraction between TJ and AJ proteins of the adjacent epithelial cells and in turn initiate AJC internalization. Microtubules, which are also an important element of intracellular cytoskeleton have also been found to be closely related to the cell movement as a whole or any intracellular structure formation like, vesiscles and their movement. Data support the abundance of microtubules in differentiated renal and intestinal cells and depolymerization of microtubules leading to disruption of the integrity of TJs and Ajs in some tissues like lungs. This evidence led the author to explore the role of microtubules depolymerization in the disruptions of apical junction complex. Existing evidence strongly support the role of microtubules depolymerization in the disruption of intercellular connections like tight junctions and adherens junction in various tissues and helps in the pathogenesis of various disease processes. In this regard it has been shown that the endothelial intercellular junctions are also disassembled as well as others like in the brain. Building a rationale on the basis of these data, author formulated a hypothesis: ‘microtubules are involved in the disruption of apical junctions in simple epithelial cells’.... 'Disassembly of the AJC in calcium depleted SK-CO-15 cells is dependent on microtubule integrity;' 'Inhibition or attenuation of AJC disassembly by microtubule stabilization would indicate the role for dynamic microtubules in the process;' 'Polarity of perijunctional microtubules would dictate the type of microtubule motor which is involved in disassembly and internalization of the AJC.' To test these hypotheses, the author carried out a research study where a number of experimental activities were carried out, like: use of antibodies for the detection of intercellular junctions, while microtubules were detected by immunoflurescence labeling and Western Blotting. Cell culture was used was SK-CO-15, which is a transformed human colonic epithelial cell line. To make the medium free from Ca++, the monolayers of epithelium were washed with calcium free-Eagle's minimum essential medium for suspension culture. Pharmacological agents utilized were; nocodazole; docetaxel and pacitaxel; adenylimidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP) and aurintriccarboxyylic acid (ATA). Major findings Through this experiment, the author has been able to demonstrate the role of microtubules depolymerization in the disassembly of junctional complexes through a variety of experimental evidence. Disassembly of the AJC in calcium depleted SK-CO-15 cells To answer the research question related to first sub-hypothesis, the findings have been: At normal Ca++ concentrations, depolymerized microtubules with nocodazole TJ and AJ proteins were found to be located at the cell-cell contacts, reflecting chicken-wire staining pattern while in the environment with depletion of Ca++ for one hour the result was disruption of AJs and TJs with accumulation of e-cadherin, occluding and ZO-1 in

History of Health and Human Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of Health and Human Services - Essay Example The development of human services is thus affected by the beliefs and values held by the society over time. Since beliefs and values keep changing, the human services field develops accordingly.3 The current health and human services can thus be viewed as representing the current attitudes, beliefs, and values of the contemporary American society. There are also questions as to which group of people and the types of problems should be helped, to what extent and how. Many people and events have also shaped the development and direction of the field. This paper will try to outline the history of Heath and Human Services field from the start of US history up until the year 1880. It will try to explain the main pioneers of this field among other issues such as the main Acts. However, it will first give a brief history of the era before US independence in order to understand the development of the field better and its foundation. Pre-independence Era The US human services are based on the Elizabethan poor laws of 1601 of England. According to Woodside and McClam this law guided the social welfare practices in England and US for the next 350 years by specifying who was to provide what services to those in need.4 Before inception of this law, the early communities used to believe that diseases were caused by supernatural beings such as demons. The work of medicine men was thus to exorcise the evil spirits. As society progressed, so did their beliefs and development of human services field. The Hippocrates were more civilized began to attribute diseases and disabilities to brain malfunction as opposed to demons. Diseases were thus treatable with use of exercise, vegetable diets and change of lifestyle.5 The renaissance era marked the beginning of formal state intervention in provision of social services. The state established the poor laws which segregated people into three categories. The poor were placed in shelters and some were sent to poorhouse or almshouse. These houses were under poor conditions and lacked essential services; they were congested, food was in short supply not forgetting the stigma associated with such houses. Most people were against helping the poor and saw it as a means of promoting laziness. The situation was worsened by the industrial revolution. There was growth of urban centers due to introduction of the factory system. This led to mass migration of people from rural to urban areas hence an increase in urban poor and prompting the need for public institutions to cater for them.6 The new beliefs during this period were centered on the protestant work ethic. This was the belief that hard work portrays virtuousness and deserves to be rewarded while laziness deserved punishment.7 As such, wealth was considered as the reward for hard work and poverty as punishment from God. This philosophy was neither considerate of the poor in society nor those with disabilities or could not find a job. The poor were not to be helped but to be encouraged to work hard so as to earn a living and improve their well-being. The introduction of the less eligibility concept was geared towards encouraging people to work. It maintained that assistance given was to be lower than the lowest wage paid to any working person.8

Hardware analysis Essay Example for Free

Hardware analysis Essay If any mistakes are found, he has assured them more work for less pay by making them enter all data twice, after which the computer will check for errors (Double-entry verification). This will also show who is to blame for mistakes. Output The website should be viewable on the 17inch CRT monitor. A large high spec TFT monitor is not needed, as it will only be used to see the end product of the produced website, and how it will look like to viewers on the internet. This display would be sensible to use, as the majority of internet users will be using a similar output. A standard set of speakers will be needed to test the audio files that shall be put on the website. A top of the range sub-woofer system will not be necessary, as the main purpose of the speakers will be testing. A regular set of 230w speakers should be more than fit for the purpose. A top-quality colour laser printer will not be needed to print out pages from his website. Instead the HP DeskJet 620 printer that will come with the PC he will purchase will be more cost-effective, and is adequate for its purpose as only a few pages are going to be printed on the odd occasion. It will allow him to print out pages in black or in colour from his website when and so he pleases, to see what they would look like to customers if they were to print out the same pages. Backup\Security Strategy The website file containing the final system will be too large to be backed up on disk, as it could be well over a 100MB, due to images and video audio files. Instead, backups shall be made at least once a week onto to as many recordable compact discs (CD-R) as needed. This process will usually take 8 minutes per recordable disc as Mr Murray is lucky enough to be receiving a 32x CD rewriter with his pc. All backup in a different location to where the computer containing the main system is, in case there is a fire, theft or flood. To make sure nobody can manipulate the website design, the computer with the website on it, and the website itself are both going to be password-protected. This will be very useful, as Mr Murray can protect the database from any unwanted intruders, and choose who he wants to have the responsibility of knowing the password. Even so, Mr Murray needs to remember to frequently change his password, in case someone finds out the password and gains access to the database. Most important of all, Mr Murray and whomsoever he chooses to tell the password to, must not write the password anywhere as this increases the risk of an impostor tampering with the design of the website. Although, the software package is quite costly, as mentioned in the identify section cost is not a huge problem for Mr Murray, as he has some family members who are ready to invest in the business. On the other hand, Mr Murray does not want to be paying large amounts of money, for a system which is not 100% guaranteed to work. Therefore Mr Murray has to find a balance, and go with the software package which he thinks is the most likely to work. After some discussion, Mr Murray and I decided that MS Publisher would be the most suitable software package for Mr Murray to use. in relation to the user requirements mentioned in the identify section. Microsoft Word could be used. As mentioned in the Identify section, it can be used to insert pictures video clips, however it cannot be edited with as much ease as a true desktop publishing package. Front page Express would be a good choice, as it is specifically written for producing web sites. However, staff will need training, and the software package does not come cheep. Mr Murrays advertising employees currently use Microsoft Works to produce their material. Microsoft Works is a very simple version of its bigger brother Microsoft Word. This means that staff may not need training. Microsoft Word not only includes graphics and fancy headings, but can also be used to insert video clips. Nevertheless, the cost needed to buy the program will be an issue, as Mr Murray is currently in debt from a bank loan. A desktop Publishing program could also be purchased. This would be a considerable package to consider, as it is specifically written for publishing, and can be used to publish a web site, which is accessible from anywhere in the world. Even So, there is the cost of buying the program to consider (as mentioned earlier), as well as the money and time needed to train staff. include data collection evaluation methods [In each section (e. g. video , dvd etc.. ) the best title will have a video clip of it attached on that section of the website. ]

Relay Services for the Deaf Essay -- essays papers

Relay Services for the Deaf In America, there are more than 28 million deaf people but there are many different services available to meet their needs. A hearing person can have a casual conversation without even realizing the difficulties that 202,613 (5.58%) hard of hearing people might face in the world (Stat. on Deafness). It doesn’t have to be so difficult for a deaf/hard of hearing person to have a conversation even if the person they are talking to is in another state. With popular services such as Maryland Relay, the TTY and various telecommunications relay services- it is now possible for deaf people to have a phone conversation. In 1984, of the 85 million telephones in the United States and Canada, less than one percent were used regularly by deaf people (Lang). Advocates for deaf, Robert H. Weitbrecht, James C. Marsters and Andrew Saks â€Å"started the process that led to deaf people around the world having an affordable phone system they could use† (Lang). The new technology that is coming out assist deaf people is amazing and very helpful. Robert H. Weitbrecht led the way to developing one of the most popular technology services for the deaf- the teletypewriter using shortwave radios. If more than 1/3 of the U.S. population has a significant hearing impairment by age 65, it is evident that something needed to be done to help people in the world better communicate with the deaf/hard of hearing population (Stat. on Deafness). One advancement in the world of relay services is the teletypewriter-TTY, also called text telephones, which looks similar to a typewriter with a text screen. It enables deaf or hard of hearing people to make phone calls that they wouldn’t normally be able to make on a standard teleph... ....rm Overview of the Maryland Relay. (2003). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http://www.mdrelay.org/relay/mdrelayoverview.htm PR Newswire. "Hands on Expands Video Relay Services to include Videophone Users." Deaf Today. http://www.deaftoday.com/news/archives.html. â€Å"Statistics on Deafness & Hearing Disorders in the U.S.† (n.d) Deaf and HOH culture information. Retrieved December 5, 2004, from, http://members.aol.com/deafcultureinfo/deafstatistics.htm. Texas School for the Deaf goes to the head of the class...with Installation of Sprint Empowered EducationSM. (n.d.). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from, http://www.relaytoday.com/admin/previewnewsletter.php?ID=2#27 â€Å"Ultratec Public TTY Hearing Impaired Telephones -Vandal Proof Motorized or Shelf Top Units.†(n.d) Phone Merchants. Retrieved December 4, 2004, from http://www.phonemerchants.com/ulpubttyhear.html.

Elements of Effective Layout by Dorothy Cohen Essay

Marketing, a strategy to attract a person’s attention to a visual element, is part of today’s commercially based economy. In Dorothy Cohen’s Elements of Effective Layout, the author illustrates her principle argument through means of persuasion focuses on how a given layout can indeed attract attention and how the dominant requisites of an effective marketing layout are, in fact, balance, movement, proportion, simplicity and clarity, unity and emphasis. Within the text, a segment focusing on unity and how it is an important element of attracting attention, Cohen argues: â€Å"A border surrounding an ad provides a method of achieving unity. Sets of borders may occur within an ad, and, when they are similar in thickness and tone they provide a sense of unity. † Here, the author debates about how the graphic requisites of attraction in advertising are crucial in order to spark interest to a viewer. This process is best defined when describing the unity requisite of graphic layout by Cohen when she describes the similarities in ‘thickness’ and ‘tone’ providing a strong sense of unity. The author begins by describing the balance requisite and how an advertisement can rely on how ‘visual weight’ is distributed within its ‘landscape’. In this first section of the article mathematical terms are used to illicit a sense of visual and spatial concepts, for example the ‘fulcrum’ or balancing point. In a secondary section, proportion is emphasized in regards to aesthetic layout in a graphic representation to best describe the size of an element in regards to the rest of the image/picture/advertisement. More specifically, it is demonstrated that non-proportional images use the proportion of a layout to fortify a particular theme or underlying message. In a third section, the movement aspect of graphic layout is explained as a sequence which enables directional flow in order to direct the interpreter into a coherent and cohesive manner. Typically via, either, gaze motion or structural motion which can differ from one individual to another. The fourth requisite of graphic layout is unity, this element being an important aspect of interpretation, is how Cohen identifies the combination of all aesthetic, structural and visual aspects of the image form a whole in order to display the intended message. This being the accumulation of the graphic representation as a whole is dominantly the main aspect when summing up the advertisement in its entirety. Particular attention is paid to form and the use of white space in order to bring out all aspects rendering a thorough representation of a particular theme or idea. Also, another section pertains to the clarity and simplicity, which tells us about how the message will generally be interpreted and what will be the outcome of such a message when displayed. Lastly, Cohen discusses emphasis in order to best identify how the most important element is emphasized in order to strengthen the intended point behind the advertisement. Although the information provided within this text is accurate, the segment concerning unity and how the border of a graphic layout achieves a sense of unity by adding a boundary is appropriate for the particular topic, but has a fallacy that of hasty generalization. For some, such boundaries help strengthen the image’s unity, but others may simply see such boundaries as limits or borders. This generalization is also hasty, because the thickness can identify the unity of the advertisement, but can also identify the particular look or style the creator is attempting to illustrate. The information within this passage is certainly accurate, but is not final. In my response, the provided information regarding graphic layout may be illegitimate, because I am not studying marketing, but as an individual or interpreter of an advertisement I know that borders that are similar in tone and thickness do help unify the image, but don’t make the graphic layout limitless or one-sided. As an interpreter, I can justly see such borders as a means to create boundaries keeping the strengths of the image concealed within a structured environment as opposed to a united one. This article helps illustrate the fundamentals behind graphic layout and advertisement in contemporary marketing strategies. Cohen reveals such concepts in an essay on unfairness about trade regulating rules where advertising takes a whole new approach towards legality of advertising and appropriate demonstrations of graphic layout (Cohen, 1982).

Academic Freedom Essay

Freedom is a basic to education in modern democracies. Freedom in education can be categorized in the various aspects such as; Freedom of the child, academic freedom and freedom to read. Mc’Garry and Ward, (1966) puts it: A free society and a free world imply a free educational system and a freedom within the framework of maximum control. In such a closed society they maintained, freedom in education may consist of ability to say or do in consequential things. The legal idea of academic freedom originated in Germany in 1850. The Prussian Constitution declared that â€Å"science and its teaching shall be free. † In Germany, academic freedom is known as the right of faculty to teach on any subject, that was freedom of scientific research, and the right of students to attend any lectures, and the absence of class roll calls writes standler (2000). Academic freedom spread to America in the early 20th Century (Post, 2000). Most American universities at that time were proprietary; professors were understood to be the employees of whoever owned the university, whether that was a private or state. See more: Analysis of Starbucks coffee company employees essay Then the professors began to conceive of themselves not as mere employees, but as professional scholars who were answerable to the professional judgment of their peers, they began to create the idea of academic freedom. Still, academic freedom has limits. In the United States, for example, according to the widely recognized â€Å"1940 Statement on Academic Freedom and Tenure†, teachers should be careful to avoid controversial matter that is unrelated to the subject. When they speak or write in public, they are free to express their opinions without fear from institutional censorship or discipline, but they should show restraint and clearly indicate that they are not speaking for their institution. Academic tenure protects academic freedom by ensuring that teachers can be fired only for causes such as gross professional incompetence or behavior that evokes condemnation from the academic community itself. Proponents of academic freedom believe that the freedom of inquiry by students and faculty members is essential to the mission of the academy. They argue that academic communities are repeatedly targeted for repression due to their ability to shape and control the flow of information. When scholars attempt to teach or communicate ideas or facts that are inconvenient to external political groups or to authorities, they may find themselves targeted for public vilification, job loss, imprisonment, or even death. For example, in North Africa, a professor of public health discovered that his country’s infant mortality rate was higher than government figures indicated. He lost his job and was imprisoned. Academic freedom refers to the amount of independent judgment allowed teachers and students as both seek knowledge about the world. Maclever as sited by Harris and Liba (1960) holds that academic freedom refers to the freedom of the scholar with the university to pursue knowledge. Dewey and Lovejoy cited by Haris and Liba (1960) also related academic freedom to university teaching. In the modern society and modern aspects of teaching and learning, academic freedom can no longer be considered a university concern but it cuts across all aspects of the academia. Right is what a person is entitled to. Or what is legally due to a citizen account of being a member of a state, (International Declaration or Human Rights) established in 1948, as a common standard of achievement for all people and all nations. This document recognizes the basic human rights and freedom, justice and peace in the world having experienced the two world wars. The commission for Higher Education (CHE) University Act was established in 1985, July and inaugurated on 16th October 1985. It plans programs and finances public universities. It also coordinates admission process, accreditation of university coordination or post secondary training institution and standardization. Recognition and equation of qualifications are also its function according to the requirements of the law. It also guides students in applying or various courses that will lead them to different career choices. This was adopted by the United Nations (U. N) assembly is resolution 44/25 on the 20th November 1989. Talks of Freedom of Expression of opinion and views in Art 12 states that; every child who is capable of forming views and opinion has a right to express them freely; in all matters that affects them. In article number 13 on Freedom of Expression says that the child shall have a right to freedom of expression in terms of: Freedom to seek, Freedom to receive and Freedom to impart information and ideas of all kinds either orally or in writing in art and music. But the exercise of these rights must respect the rights and limitations of others and must respect the country’s laws and morals. Academic freedom consists in protecting the intellectual independence of professors, researchers and students in the pursuit of knowledge and the expression of ideas from interference by legislators or authorities within the institution itself. This implies that no political, ideological or religious orthodoxy will be imposed on professors and researchers through the hiring or tenure or termination process, or though any other administrative means by the academic institution. Nor shall legislatures impose any such orthodoxy through their control or the university budget. This protection includes students. Gwin, Swanson, and Goetz, (1986) also defined academic freedom as the freedom of teachers students to teach, study, and pursue knowledge and research without unreasonable interference or restriction from law, institutional regulations, or public pressure and added that the basic elements of academic freedom include the freedom of teachers to inquire into any subject that evokes their intellectual concern; to present their findings to their students, colleagues, and others, to publish their private data and conclusions without control or censorship; to teach in manner they consider professionally appropriate; and to act in their private lives with all the rights and liberties enjoyed by other citizens This directs towards speaking your mind and challenge conventional wisdom. In today’s political climate it is harder than ever for academics to defend open debate. In away restrictive legislation, and the bureaucratic rules and regulations of government and Universities themselves, have undermined academic freedom. Many academics are fearful of upsetting managers and politicians by expressing controversial opinions. Afraid to challenge mainstream thought, many pursue self-censorship. Academic freedom in Kenya was one of the casualties of repression. Mutunga and Kiai, (1996) stated that since proponents of academic freedom cherished free thought, open expression and good organization, they have been victimized, jailed and tortured. The harassment led to both external and internal exile. Academics like Ngugi wa Thiong’o, ali Mazrui, are victims. There are others who are internally exiles some of these scholars were forced to seek alternatives to the public universities to continue their scholarship and their contribution to the society. The Control of responsibility of public Universities by the state led to abdication of responsibility by university authorities. They instead prefer to call upon state machinery like the police to deal with any crisis in whichever way. University students or staff member wishing to travel outside Kenya must have official government clearance. In the case of university staff, the application from clearance is initially approved by the head of department followed by the dean of faculty, the principal of college, and ultimately the vice-chancellor. Subsequently, the ministry of Education and the Office of the President have to give the final approval, (Mutunga and Kiai, 1996). As at the time the above views about Kenya were documented, one could conclude that academic freedom hangs perilously close to non-existence in Kenya. It was not only the students and lecturers who suffered then, but all the people of Kenya who were denied the benefits that accrued from the existence of academic freedom. There was a moment in Kenya when they President threw a ban on Kenya National Union of Teachers (KNUT) and allowed KUPPET to come into existence to suppress the powers of KNUT. This was due to the stand that KNUT took as concerns the rights of the teachers in the country. Academic freedom is experienced unequally in the contemporary world. It is securely established in some countries, and scarcely exists in others, and in between the extremes it exists in varying degree of amplitude and security. Where academic freedom is well defined and respected, the teaching profession understands that the principle protects the professor against the devastating consequences of arbitrary dismissal. It is recognized that the eacher can be dismissed only for adequate cause, as established in a proceeding, which measures up to the requirements of due process, including a hearing before a tribunal consisting of his academic peers. It is well understood that the security of the professor depends not so much upon the substantive definition of what constitutes adequate cause, as upon the procedures which are followed. That proper procedure is an indispensable element of justice in the life of the state is a commonplace observation. Proper procedure is equally essential if academic freedom is to remain a viable concept. This will promote literacy in the African continent.

Free Essays on Fair or Unfair

Fair or Unfair : George W. Bush’s Tax Cut Plan Americans both rich and poor pay portions of their salaries to federal taxes each year. Well it’s time to change the out of date tax plan. President George W. Bush wants to provide federal income tax relief for all taxpaying Americans. President Bush believes that his plan will help jump start the economy.George W. Bush has devised a fair and just way to cut taxes and in some cases eliminate taxs for Americans. President Bush’s proposal will simplify the tax code. There would be four income tax brackets rather than the five brackets in place now. There would be a ten percent, fifthteen percent, twenty-five percent and thirty-five percent tax brackets. This would allow for six million families, that’s one out of every five families with children to become exempt from paying income taxes completely. Also under Bush’s plan the marriage penalty would be reduced, it will provide incentives to encourage charitable giving, expand tax credit from five-hundred dollars to one-thousand dollars per child and end the estate tax. This is a fair way to offer tax relief for everyone who pays income taxes and keep the national commitment to social security, debt reduction and other federal programs. The average American family with two children would get an average of one-thousand-six-hundred dollars extra. Working families earning between thirty-five thousand and seventy-five thousand dollars anually will save from six-hundred to three-thousand dollars each year. The new ten percent rate along with the child credit would cut federal marginal tax rates by forty percent on many struggling taxpayers. ( President Bush’s Agenda for Tax Relief, www.whitehouse.gov) Considering the current economy this is a excellent way to jump start the economy. While returning money to the American people. In closing this is fair and just way to cut taxes for the benefit of the American people.... Free Essays on Fair or Unfair Free Essays on Fair or Unfair Fair or Unfair : George W. Bush’s Tax Cut Plan Americans both rich and poor pay portions of their salaries to federal taxes each year. Well it’s time to change the out of date tax plan. President George W. Bush wants to provide federal income tax relief for all taxpaying Americans. President Bush believes that his plan will help jump start the economy.George W. Bush has devised a fair and just way to cut taxes and in some cases eliminate taxs for Americans. President Bush’s proposal will simplify the tax code. There would be four income tax brackets rather than the five brackets in place now. There would be a ten percent, fifthteen percent, twenty-five percent and thirty-five percent tax brackets. This would allow for six million families, that’s one out of every five families with children to become exempt from paying income taxes completely. Also under Bush’s plan the marriage penalty would be reduced, it will provide incentives to encourage charitable giving, expand tax credit from five-hundred dollars to one-thousand dollars per child and end the estate tax. This is a fair way to offer tax relief for everyone who pays income taxes and keep the national commitment to social security, debt reduction and other federal programs. The average American family with two children would get an average of one-thousand-six-hundred dollars extra. Working families earning between thirty-five thousand and seventy-five thousand dollars anually will save from six-hundred to three-thousand dollars each year. The new ten percent rate along with the child credit would cut federal marginal tax rates by forty percent on many struggling taxpayers. ( President Bush’s Agenda for Tax Relief, www.whitehouse.gov) Considering the current economy this is a excellent way to jump start the economy. While returning money to the American people. In closing this is fair and just way to cut taxes for the benefit of the American people....

How to Withdraw from a Class

How to Withdraw from a Class While you know how to register for classes, knowing how to withdraw from a class can be a little more challenging. After all, your school probably didnt go over how to drop a class during orientation week; everyone is too busy planning and preparing for the start of a new semester. Sometimes, however, your awesome start-of-the-semester plans dont work out and you need to drop one or more classes. So just where do you begin? Talk to Your Academic Adviser Talking with your academic adviser is an absolute necessity, so start there. Be prepared, however; your adviser will likely want to ask you a few questions about why youre dropping and, if applicable, talk about whether or not you should drop the class. If you both decide that dropping the course is the best option, however, your adviser will have to sign off on your forms and approve the decision. He or she can also help you plan out how youre going to make up the course content and/or units that youll need to graduate. Talk to Your Professor You likely cant just drop the class without talking to the professor (even if theyre a bad one) or at least the TA. They are accountable for your progress in the class and for turning in your final grade at the end of the semester. Make an appointment or stop in during office hours to let your professor and/or TA know that youre dropping the class. If youve already talked to your academic adviser, the conversation should go pretty smoothly- and quickly. And given that youll likely need your professors signature on a form or approval to drop, this step is a requirement as well as a courtesy. Head to the Registrar's Office Even if your academic adviser and your professor know that youre going to drop the class, you have to officially let your college know. Even if you can do everything online, check in with your registrar to make sure you have submitted everything they need and that youve submitted it on time. Additionally, follow-up to make sure everything goes through okay. While you may have submitted your materials, they may not have received them for whatever reason. You dont want your withdrawal to turn into a ​fail on your transcript, and its much easier to confirm now that your drop went through okay than it is to correct things in several months when you realize an error was made. Tie up Any Loose Ends Make sure to let any lab partners know that youve dropped the class, for example. Similarly, return any equipment you may have checked out and remove yourself from the list of students who have a music rehearsal space reserved on a rotation basis. You dont want to needlessly be using resources that other students need or, even worse, be charged for their use when you dont need them any longer.

Server Roles for Installing Windows Server 2008 R2 Essay

Server Roles for Installing Windows Server 2008 R2 - Essay Example AD CS can be used to create a single or many certification authorities to obtain certificate requests, confirm the information in the requests and the requester’s identity, revoke certificates, issue them, and publish revocation data. AD CS support applications such as secure wireless services, smart card logon, and digital signatures (Kelbley & Sterling, 2010). This role provides a total solution for accommodating and managing high-performance allocated business applications. Here, integrated services like the .NET Framework, COM+, and Web Server Support enhance productivity all through the application life cycle, ranging from design and development up to operations and deployment. This role, (DNS) gives a standard way for relating designations with numeric Internet addresses. With this, users refer to system computers through using easily remembered names rather than a long series of numbers. The DNS services may be integrated with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol services, eradicating the necessity to add DNS records as more computers are increased on the network. Of the above roles, the Active Directory System would be best installed in the Kudler Fine Foods Virtual Organization. This is can be either the Active Directory Domain Service or the Active Directory Federation Services. This is because the role can enable this organization to install Windows in phases, thus enabling integration of other systems. Based on the networking of a this big organization, (Kudler) the Active Directory System is essential because it can authenticate users to many applications that use one user account, and it can be used on a larger scale, providing each user with virtual services (Laudon & Laudon, 2007). Additions to the Negotiate Authentication package by use of NegoExts, the SSP can be authenticated to negotiate them between Microsoft and related software providers. Such extensions

Modernist and Postmodernist Fashion Designers Essay

Modernist and Postmodernist Fashion Designers - Essay Example The essay "Modernist and Postmodernist Fashion Designers" discusses the designers and fashion in the context of Modernism and Postmodernism. The word 'modern' from which 'modernism' seems to be coined, generically refer to anything that is contemporaneous; in this sense, all art can be said to be modern as at when it was made. However, as an art historical term, modernism refers to a period dating from around the 1860s through the 1970s and is therefore used to identify the style, ideology and forms of art produced during this period. According to Klages (2003), modernism can be described as the movement in visual arts, music, literature, fashion and drama, which rejected the old Victorian standards of how art should be made, consumed, and what it should mean. During the later half of the 20th century, it became gradually apparent to many that the worldview fostered through Modernism is flawed, corrupt, and oppressive. A couple of events, including both World Wars, further heightened this perception. The perceived failure of modernism, as a movement and ideology, gave birth to the new period now referred to as Postmodernism, an ideology that has only emerged as an area of academic study since the mid-1980s. However, the term postmodernism is used in a number of confusing of ways; there is a problem with assigning a definite or useful definition to the term, most definitions are hopelessly vague and often inconsistent with each other. For some, postmodernism means anti-modern. while for others it is merely a revision of modernist premises (Burke, 2005; Witcombe, 2000). The stance of those who see postmodernism as anti-modernism is a basic rejection of the major tenets of modernism; that is, a rejection of the doctrine of the supremacy of reason, the notion of truth, the belief in the perfectibility of man, and the idea that we could create a better, if not perfect, society. This stance has been labelled 'deconstructive

To what extent do transnational media exert influence on Asian Essay

To what extent do transnational media exert influence on Asian countries ---outline - Essay Example The sweeping wave of globalization has greatly impacted the media industry. Today, national and regional boundaries have ceased to contain flaws and flows even as countries struggle to institute measures to control international communications a noted by Alterman (1998). There are several advantages and disadvantages that have been associated with international communication as presented by media. Some of its advantages include the easy flow of ideas, influencing such things as transnational movements of people, capital, and goods. New practices in media have greatly shaped media spaces leading to the establishment of contemporary cultures and doing away with age old orders. Asian countries previously were considered to be closed societies, almost geographically isolated from one another (TBS nd). This has however changed due to a myriad of reasons. This study will focus on the extent to which transnational media influences Asian countries. Main Objective 1. To establish the extent t o which transnational media has influenced Asian countries Specific Objectives 1. To establish the presence and operation of transnational media in Asian countries 2. To establish the extent to which transnational media operates in various Asian countries 3.

History And Introduction Of Binary Trees English Language Essay

History And Introduction Of Binary Trees English Language Essay Tree is a data structure usually use in math concept can be seen as a graph. The data structure or graph are suited each other as the data structure does not only contain elements but the connection of the elements too. History of Tree was prevented by Cayley in 1857 (100 years before Malaysia got the independence). Cayley was the first man study about Tree then continues by Mckay. He discovers the vertices in database of tree into18 vertices and Royle maintains up to 20 vertices. Nowadays all their effort grant us to a lot of things we use the Tree concept in our daily live and the uses of Tree is very useful in science computer. A Tree is a set of line segment with all of the elements is connected whether left or right. We specified it into binary tree which is the concept of single parent (root or parent nodes) with at least 1 child (child nodes). Further study on binary tree is a full binary tree which meant that every root must have two nodes located left and right of the root. The entire tree is a bipartite graph. The connection point is called fork and the segment is called branches. That is a little bit about tree and we will learn more in next pages. Tree had become useful in our daily life. We can connect each data that we have to solve mathematic problems. We also had done a research on the application of binary tree in our daily life and their uses in science computer to develop well us as science computer student. Binary Tree Full Binary Tree TYPES OF BINARY TREE There are several types of binary tree. Two of them are stated as previous page and here are other types of binary tree: A rooted binary tree is a tree with a root node in which every node has at most two children. A full binary tree (sometimes called as proper binary tree or 2-tree or strictly binary tree) is a tree in which every node other than the leaves has two children. A perfect binary tree is a full binary tree in which all leaves are at the same depth or same level. (This is ambiguously also called a complete binary tree.) A complete binary tree is a binary tree in which every level, except possibly the last, is completely filled, and all nodes are as far left as possible. An infinite complete binary tree is a tree with levels, where for each level d the number of existing nodes at level d is equal to 2d. The cardinal number of the set of all nodes is. The cardinal number of the set of all paths is. The infinite complete binary tree essentially describes the structure of the Cantor set; the unit interval on the real line (of cardinality) is the continuous image of the Cantor set; this tree is sometimes called the Cantor space. A balanced binary tree is where the depth of all the leaves differs by at most 1. Balanced trees have a predictable depth (how many nodes are traversed from the root to a leaf, root counting as node 0 and subsequent as 1, 2, , depth). This depth is equal to the integer part of log2 (n) where n is the number of nodes on the balanced tree. Example 1: balanced tree with 1 node, log2 (1) = 0 (depth = 0). Example 2: balanced tree with 3 nodes, log2 (3) = 1.59 (depth=1). Example 3: balanced tree with 5 nodes, log2 (5) = 2.32 (depth of tree is 2 nodes). A rooted complete binary tree can be identified with a free magma. A degenerate tree is a tree where for each parent node, there is only one associated child node. This means that in a performance measurement, the tree will behave like a linked list data structure. PROPERTIES OF BINARY TREE After we had study the types of binary tree, now we need to study the properties for each types of binary tree. Perfect binary tree required this formula to find the number of nodes that is n  = 2h  + 1  Ãƒ ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ 1  where  h  is the height of the tree and this formula n  = 2L  Ãƒ ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ 1  where  L  is the number of leaf nodes in the tree. Nodes in Complete binary tree have a different formula that is minimum:  n  = 2h  and maximum:  n  = 2h  + 1   1 where  h  is the height of the tree. The number of NULL LINK is (n+1) and the leaf nodes in Complete binary tree is (n  / 2). Non-empty binary tree have different formula n0  leaf nodes and  n2  nodes of degree 2,  n0  =  n2  + 1. Thus n = n0  + n1  + n2  + n4  + n3  + n5  +. + nB-1  + nB and to find B is, B = n 1, n = 1 + 1*n1  + 2*n2  + 3*n3  + 4*n4  + + B*nB, NOT include n0. TRAVERSAL If one dimensional array was compared with data structures like link list, which have an official method of traversal, tree structures can be traversed in many ways. There three main steps that can be shown and the order of the binary tree. First of all is to perform defines the traversal type, next is to traversing to the left child node follow by right child node. This is the easiest method to describe a binary tree through recursion METHODS FIND TRAVERSAL IN BINARY TREES There are several common orders in which nodes can be visited with their own advantages. Here a three main order in binary trees: In-order: Left child, Root, Right child Post-order: Left child, Right child, Root Pre-order: Root, Left child, Right child In-order, Pre-order and Post-order traversal visit each node in a tree by recursively visiting each node in the left and the right subtrees of the root. If the root node visited before its subtrees, this is pre-order, if after so it is post-order and if in between this is in-order. Depth-First Traversal This is one of the concepts to find the traversal of the tree. We always attempt to visit the node farthest from the root we attempt to forget too but, through depth first we does not need to remember all the nodes we have visited. In Pre-order we should go through the root first then followed by left subtree and right subtree. But in In-order we will visit the left subtree first then we visit the root followed by right subtree. Lastly Post-order we start with subtree from the left followed with right then we will visit the root. Breadth-first Traversal Breadth-first traversal is which is opposite with depth-first traversal attempts to the closest nodes to the root. With this method a tree can traversed in level order, by going through from root to the lowest children. Example of Breadth-first traversal Preorder traversal sequence: F, B, A, D, C, E, G, I, H (root, left, right) Inorder traversal sequence: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I (left, root, right) Postorder traversal sequence: A, C, E, D, B, H, I, G, F (left, right, root) BINARY TREE APPLIED IN SCIENCE COMPUTER In computer science, binary tree can be applied such as in java, c/c++ programming, data structure and algorithms. In java, implementation is same in c/c++ programming, solution java is copying the solution in c/c++ and making the syntactic language. Almost every operation have two methods, a one-line method on the binary tree that starts the computation, and a recursive method that works on the node objects. For the lookup() operation, there is a binarytree.lookup() method that the client uses to start a lookup operation. Internal to the binarytree class, there is a private recursive lookup (node) method that implements the recursion down the node structure. This second, private recursive method is basically the same as the recursive C/C++ functions. In binary tree for data structure, a linked list structure is not efficient when searching for a specific item as the node can only be accessed sequentially. The binary search algorithm suggests a data structure which can be implemented using dynamic storage and allows searching to be done efficiently. EXAMPLE IN JAVA // BinaryTree.java public class BinaryTree { // Root node pointer. Will be null for an empty tree. private Node root; /* Node The binary tree is built using this nested node class. Each node stores one data element, and has left and right sub-tree pointer which may be null. The node is a dumb nested class we just use it for storage; it does not have any methods. */ private static class Node { Node left; Node right; int data; Node(int newData) { left = null; right = null; data = newData; } } /** Creates an empty binary tree a null root pointer. */ public void BinaryTree() { root = null; } /** Returns true if the given target is in the binary tree. Uses a recursive helper. */ public boolean lookup(int data) { return(lookup(root, data)); } /** Recursive lookup given a node, recur down searching for the given data. */ private boolean lookup(Node node, int data) { if (node==null) { return(false); } if (data==node.data) { return(true); } else if (data return(lookup(node.left, data)); } else { return(lookup(node.right, data)); } } /** Inserts the given data into the binary tree. Uses a recursive helper. */ public void insert(int data) { root = insert(root, data); } /** Recursive insert given a node pointer, recur down and insert the given data into the tree. Returns the new node pointer (the standard way to communicate a changed pointer back to the caller). */ private Node insert(Node node, int data) { if (node==null) { node = new Node(data); } else { if (data node.left = insert(node.left, data); } else { node.right = insert(node.right, data); } } return(node); // in any case, return the new pointer to the caller } BINARY TREE APPLIED IN DAILY LIFE Binary tree can be applied in our life. This can be shown in competition schedule in sports, family flows, organizations and others. The tree showed the flows of an organization so we can know who or how an organization is flowed. Besides that, we can know the header in an organization, our relation in a family or our competitor in a sport. Others, we can position in an organization so that we not mistake or just estimate someone position in an organization. We also can deal with someone based on the position in an organization and can save our time for dealings. EXAMPLE CONCLUSION We can conclude that binary tree a lot of usage in our life. The binary tree is applied not just in daily life but in computer system. This is because the usages of binary tree easy for the programmer to make a system. Other than that, the application of binary tree can be found in the computer science. In addition, we are pleased to see the chart and reduce errors during the program or enter into an agreement with an officer in an organization. Using the tree, we will know a persons position in an organization or in sports.

A Character Analysis of Daisy Miller :: Daisy Miller, Henry James

In Daisy Miller, Henry James slowly reveals the nature of Daisy"s character through her interactions with other characters, especially Winterbourne, the main character." The author uses third person narration; however, Winterbourne"s thoughts and point of view dominate." Thus, the audience knows no more about Daisy than Winterbourne." This technique helps maintain the ambiguity of Daisy"s character and draws the audience into the story. At first glimpse, Daisy is portrayed as a "pretty American flirt" whose innocence Winterbourne is unsure of, and yet he says he was "almost grateful for having found the formula that applied to Miss Daisy Miller" (James 1563)." Like many people do in first impressions, Winterbourne feels the need to label Daisy right away." In the beginning, the stereotype seems to fit." Daisy is young, unsophisticated, chatty, and brags about all the society, especially gentlemen"s society she had in New York (1562)." She enjoys teasing and getting reactions out of people just for the sake of it." For example, the second time she and Winterbourne meet, late one evening in the garden, she asks him if he wants to take her out in a boat on the lake." Of course, her mother and the courier protest while Daisy laughs and declares, "That"s all I want " a little fuss!"She had no intention of going; she just wanted to get a rise out of someone." Bidding good-night to Winterbourne, she says, "I hope you"re di sappointed, disgusted, or something!" (1572)." She is being flirtatious, but this kind of teasing is also just part of her sense of humor. Daisy Miller may be uneducated, as Winterbourne and his aunt describe her, but she is witty." One illustration of her humor takes place at Mrs. Walker"s party when Winterbourne is criticizing her for her relations with Giovanelli." He says they don"t "understand that sort of thing here"not in young married women."Daisy cries, "I thought they understood nothing else!" and goes on to say, "It seems to me more proper in young unmarried than in old married ones."Daisy typically speaks and behaves frankly, almost in a child-like fashion, but this shows, as the narrator describes it, a "startling worldly knowledge" (1587)." Daisy is somewhat rustic but smart." She has a "natural elegance" and a mixture of" "innocence and crudity," and yet, as seen in her response, her character proves to go beyond the boundaries of this character type of the natural beauty (1564 and 1574).

Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 6

After returning from the walk, I found myself being sewn into a brand-new suit while Mrs. Sutherland instructed the tailor on where to pin and prod me. I knew I had to leave, but I also couldn't tear myself away from Mrs. Sutherland quite yet. We spent the entire afternoon chatting about my mother and her French relatives, along with my wish to one day travel to Italy to see the Sistine Chapel. Before I knew it, the tailor had made his final stitch, and night had arrived. Even I had to admit that my suit was fantastic. I looked like an urbane prince of industry in my pleated white shirtfront, silk top hat, and cravat. Winfield loaned me one of his pocket watches on a fob covered with a tasteful number of gold charms and gems, and I wore matching gold studs. I looked the very picture of humanity and was ashamed to be enjoying the part so thoroughly. Bridget simpered when I offered her a hand getting up into the carriage. Her skirts were full and cumbersome, an apricot version of the white gown she wore just the night before. Cream-colored silk netting floated over everything, giving her a look somewhere between a dancer in a European painting and a giant pastry. She giggled and tripped and pretended to fall, throwing an arm around my neck. â€Å"Save me again, kind sir,† she laughed, and I reminded myself that I had only to entertain her for another couple hours. Then, no matter the affection I felt for Mrs. Sutherland, I vowed I would make good on my promise to leave the family to their lives, disappearing into the crowd of the dance and returning to my home in the park. After a short ride, we approached another mansion of considerable size. It was solid stone, like a castle, but filled with windows. I helped Bridget from the coach and we took our places in the receiving line. In my human life I had been to many dances, yet I was not prepared for a New York City ball. There was someone to take my coat and hat – and because this wasn't Mystic Falls, where everyone of renown knew one another, I was given a ticket with a number on it to retrieve my things at the end of the evening. We approached the ballroom through a seemingly endless hallway of silver mirrors lit with candles and chandeliers, sparkling as I imagined it must have been like in Versailles. A thousand silvered reflections of Bridget and myself filled the space behind the glass. A full orchestra of violins, cellos, horns, and flutes played in the corner, the musicians dressed in black suits. The room was filled, wall-to-wall, with dancers in the most amazing array of dress I had ever seen. The young women lifted delicate gloved hands with sparkling diamond bracelets, then twirled in gowns that ranged in color from bloodred to dusty gold. Gauzy skirts swished in time with the high-paced mazurka the orchestra played, netting, tulle, lace, and the finest silk petticoats floating like petals strewn across a lake. If my eyes were dazzled by the sight of the dancers, the scents of the room almost overpowered the rest of my senses: expensive perfumes, huge vases of exotic flowers, sweat, and punch, and somewhere someone was bleeding from a pin left in her dress by a careless maid. â€Å"You're supposed to fetch your lady a dance card,† Lydia murmured into my ear as I stood there, stunned by the opulent and overwhelming scene before me. â€Å"Is that . . . is that Adelina Patti?† I stuttered, pointing at a demure-looking woman standing in the corner and surrounded by admirers. â€Å"The opera singer?† I had seen photographs of her. My father had wanted his sons to have working knowledge of their Italian culture and heritage. â€Å"Yes,† Bridget said, rolling her eyes and stamping a pretty, satin-covered foot. â€Å"And over there is Mayor Gunther, and over there is John D. Rockefeller, and . . . can you take me to my seat now? I want to see who asks me to dance.† Lydia let out a polite cough that sounded suspiciously like a laugh. â€Å"In the South,† I whispered to her out of the corner of my mouth, â€Å"it's considered impolite to dance with your escort overmuch.† Lydia put a gloved hand to her own mouth, covering her smile. â€Å"I've heard that they still actually dance the quadrille in the South and have no parlor games at their functions. Good luck, Mr. Salvatore.† And she glided off into the crowd. Margaret gave me a tiny smirk. She was on the arm of her husband, Wally, a short fellow with a pince-nez and a serious bent. But when she whispered to him, a smile broke out and he was radiant. I felt an odd jab of jealousy. I would never know what that was like, the simple rituals of a close-knit couple. The orchestra struck up a waltz. Bridget stuck out her lower lip. â€Å"And me without a dance card yet.† â€Å"My lady,† I said, inwardly sighing. I gave her a slight bow and offered her my hand. Bridget was a fine dancer and it was almost pleasurable twirling her across the floor. I could forget where and who I was for the few minutes of the waltz: just a man in a tailcoat, feet flying, in a room full of beautiful people. She turned her leaf-green eyes up to me, and for one beautiful moment I could pretend she was Callie, alive and well and getting the happy ending she so desperately deserved. The illusion came to an end the moment the music stopped. â€Å"Lead me by the edge of the dancers,† Bridget begged. â€Å"I want everyone to see us!† She dragged me past the refreshment room, where all manner of exotic food was laid out. Delicate ices made from foreign fruit, real Vienna coffee, blancmange, tiny chocolate cakes, and glass upon crystal glass of champagne to wash it down. For the hungrier set there seemed to be every kind of fowl, from quail to goose, neatly carved into small pieces so a dancer could eat quickly and return to the floor. Once again I wished I was hungry for normal human food. But instead I indulged in a glass of champagne. â€Å"Hilda, Hilda,† Bridget called out in a voice that carried well considering how crowded the space was. A beautiful girl in a rose-pink gown turned from her gentleman friend, face lighting up when she saw Bridget. Her eyes traveled up and down me with a quick flick of her eyelashes. â€Å"This is Stefan Salvatore,† Bridget said. â€Å"He is the one who rescued me!† â€Å"Mademoiselle,† I said with a slight bow, taking her fingertips and bringing them to my lips. Bridget gave me a look that was somewhere between jealousy and pleasure that I was so polite. â€Å"Brooklyn Bridgey! Who's your friend?† A dapper young man with a twinkle in his eye and giant grin sidled up to us. He had a sharp nose and curly black hair; rosy dots appeared on his cheeks that made him look vaguely tubercular. â€Å"This is Stefan Salvatore,† Bridget told him, exactly as proudly and carefully as she had with Hilda. â€Å"He rescued me when I was overcome in the park!† â€Å"Pleasure to meet you! Abraham Smith. You can call me Bram.† He grabbed my hand and shook it hard. â€Å"That was terribly naughty of you, leaving the party unescorted like that, Bridgey.† Bram shook a finger at her and she pouted. â€Å"Brooklyn Bridgey?† I asked, my head spinning a little. â€Å"Why, the Brooklyn Bridge is only going to be the biggest, most fantastic suspension bridge ever built!† Bram said, eyes lighting up. â€Å"No more ferries, no sir. We'll drive ourselves back and forth across the mighty East River!† â€Å"Oh look!† Bridget squealed, pointing in a very unladylike manner. â€Å"There's Lydia and her beau! Let's go talk to them!† I gave Hilda and Bram a helpless salute good-bye as Bridget directed me toward her sister with an iron grip. The Italian count was surrounded by admirers, including Lydia. I caught glimpses of him as we walked closer. His raven hair gleamed, and his black formal suit fit him perfectly. He moved with a careless grace waving his arms as he told his story. The glint of a ring shimmered on his hand. The truth hit me only moments before he turned, as if he'd been expecting my arrival. I did my best to hide my shock when I looked into my brother's ice-blue eyes.

Miss: 21st Century and Young People

Fashion is becoming more and more important to young people. However, some argue that this has negative impact on young people and on society. Do you agree or disagree?In the 21st century, It is difficult to ignore the immense popularity of fashion, which could be found anywhere and everywhere, on the street, television, internet and magazines. Its influence have extended to younger consumers. However, some argue that this trend has an adverse effect on youngsters and even the whole society. Personally, I agree with this view to some extent.Having appealing appearance help youngsters to express their individuality and build their confidence. Firstly, fashion is a form of art, which changes constantly and requires creativity. It inspires these young people to express their personality and taste in a unique way. Without fashion, they miss a sound opportunity of expressing themselves. Secondly, by wearing trendy clothing the way they like, youngsters may feel comfortable and pleasure; m eanwhile, they are more likely to become attractive. As a result, their confidence level could be boosted.This trend also benefits the whole society, namely, creating more job opportunities. Youngsters love for fashion, which is an integral part of their lives, produces numerous new job opportunities, related to fashion industry. For instance, a fashion magazine , called Seventeen, is published for young girls who love to keep up with the latest trend. This is helpful to relieve employment pressure, which is extremely severe in the economic recession.Despite of this, it is undeniable that this trend may distract teenagers from study and generates the social problem of fashion bullying. Firstly, if teenagers involves themselves too much with fashion, they may find it difficult to concentrate on study because there is insufficient time for study. This is especially true for those student who are not good at time management. Secondly, youngsters may judge their friends based on their c lothing, jewelry and hair style. Those students who look unfashionable may  be isolated or even bullied. This damages their psychological development.In conclusion, it is advantageous for youngsters to follow fashion; however, the disadvantages should not be ignored. The school and parents should guide young adult to view fashion in a appropriate way.